39.9 million people worldwide live with HIV in 2023. 1.3 million new HIV infections occurred in 2023, down 39% since 2010. 86% of people with HIV know their status globally. 77% of people with HIV access antiretroviral therapy. 72% of people with HIV are virally suppressed
HIV infection occurs in three stages without treatment. Symptoms appear 1-4 weeks after infection, lasting 1-2 weeks. Early symptoms include flu-like symptoms, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes. Some people may have no symptoms at all
HIV has claimed 42.3 million lives globally, with 39.9 million people living with HIV. 630,000 people died from HIV-related causes in 2023. 65% of HIV cases are in WHO African Region. 86% of people living with HIV know their status in 2023
Endemic diseases are consistently present but limited to a specific region. Prevalence is measured by dividing cases by total population over time. Endemic diseases can be rare or high in prevalence
HIV tests detect virus in blood, saliva, or urine using antibodies, antigens, or RNA. Window period is 18 days for antibody/antigen testing, 11.5 days with NAT. ELISA and western blot combination tests provide highest diagnostic accuracy
HIV originated in non-human primates in Central and West Africa. HIV-1 and HIV-2 are two main types, with HIV-1 being more virulent. HIV-1 group M emerged in Kinshasa (now DRC) in 1920s. HIV-2 evolved from sooty mangabeys in West Africa