Art Deco emerged in early 1920s as transitional design between Art Nouveau and Art Deco. Style combines strict geometry, rich colors, and expensive materials. Features references to ancient civilizations and ethnic motifs
Seljuk period (13th century) saw brightest stone ornamentation in Anatolia. Main motifs were palmetto leaves, lotus, acanthus leaves and geometric patterns. Geometric patterns expressed Islamic philosophy through symmetry and rhythm. Calligraphy (celi) was used in architectural decoration, especially "sülüs celi". Figures were rarely used, mainly stylized animals and mythological creatures
Wall paneling evolved from insulation to decorative purposes. Board-and-batten uses narrow strips over flat boards. Shiplap panels typically measure 6 inches wide. Tongue-and-groove panels create vertical lines
Art Deco emerged in France before World War I. Decorative artists gained recognition in 1875. Style gained popularity through French nationalism and fashion houses. First major landmark was Theatre des Champs-Elysees in 1910s. Name "Art Deco" coined at 1925 International Exhibition
Ornament is decorative embellishment used in architecture and decorative arts. Excludes monumental sculpture and small human figures. Can be carved, formed, painted or impressed onto surfaces. Draws from geometrical shapes, plants, and human/animal figures
Arabesque is rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing foliage. Islamic arabesque originated in Baghdad around 10th century. First appeared in Islamic art in carved marble panels. Islamic arabesque can be infinitely extended beyond actual limits