Born as Amenhotep IV to Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye. Became pharaoh after brother Thutmose's untimely death. Married Nefertiti, had six daughters and possibly Kiya as secondary wife
Nefertari was Ramesses II's first Great Royal Wife. She was highly educated and skilled in hieroglyphs. Her name means 'beautiful companion' or 'beloved of goddess Mut'
"Pharaoh" means "Great House" in Egyptian. First unified Egyptian king was Narmer or Menes around 3150 BCE. Pharaohs initially had three titles, later added two more
Ramses II ruled Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BCE, the second longest in Egyptian history. His father Seti I appointed Ramses as regent and provided him with a royal household. Ramses became captain of the army at age 10
Pharaohs were political and religious leaders of ancient Egypt. Title 'pharaoh' appeared in New Kingdom (1570-1069 BCE). First dynasty unified Egypt under Menes/Narmer in 3150 BCE. Rulers were initially called 'your majesty' to foreign dignitaries
Egypt was divided into Upper and Lower kingdoms 5000 years ago. Kings wore different crowns: white hedjet for Upper, red deshret for Lower. Around 3100 BC, Narmer unified Egypt by conquering western Nile Delta