Founded in 2003 by Gilad Japhet as genealogy platform. Has over 1 billion profile users and 52 million family trees. Operates website, mobile apps, and desktop programs
Haplogroups are genetic groups sharing common ancestors on paternal or maternal lines. All haplogroups originated in Africa and have evolved through DNA mutations. Haplogroups follow male and female descendancy lines
Haplotype is a group of alleles inherited from a single parent. Haploid organisms have DNA organized in pairs, diploid organisms have two sets. Chromosomal crossover rarely splits contiguous parts of chromosomes
DNA testing determines biological parentage using cheek cells. Current methods include PCR and RFLP with 99.99% accuracy. Prenatal testing possible through invasive procedures or blood draw. Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome testing have limited value
DNA testing market generated over $487 million in 2019. At-home genetic testing connects people to relatives and health information
Y-chromosome traces paternal lineage through SNP mutations. There are 20 major haplogroups (A-T) worldwide. Haplogroups are grouped by accumulated SNP mutations. Y-SNPs trace deep ancestry through thousands of years