IP address is a numerical label for devices connected to internet-using networks. IP addresses serve both network interface identification and location addressing. IPv4 was first introduced in 1983, IPv6 in 1995
DHCP enables automatic IP address and DNS configuration from central servers. Without DHCP, manual IP configuration becomes tedious
DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses and configuration information to client machines. DHCP failure prevents internet access
Switches can have multiple IP addresses assigned to interfaces and VLANs. Default IP address is 192.168.1.254 if DHCP isn't available. IP addresses can be configured manually or automatically from DHCP
Error occurs when PC can't obtain IP address via DHCP. Problem usually related to TCP/IP settings, ethernet driver, or router. Error appears when router can't assign PC an IP address
Restart DHCP Client service through Services.msc to update IP and DNS. Enable DHCP settings on router, losing Static IP configuration. Reset network using command-line tools to fix Winsock issues. Check firewall settings for UDP ports 68 (DHCP server) and 67 (client)