KiCad is a free, open-source EDA tool for electronic circuit design. Developed by Jean-Pierre Charras and maintained by community. Supports multiple tools for schematic and PCB design. Available for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS systems
Used by PGP encryption program for secure communication. Contains digitally signed messages and binary information. Includes clear-signed text keys for verification. Symantec acquired PGP in 2010
Schematic is a graphic representation of system elements using abstract symbols. Omits unnecessary details and includes oversimplified elements for better understanding. Used in subway maps, chemical processes, and electronic circuits
Native analog, mixed-signal and analysis engine for circuit simulation. Includes worst case simulations and tolerance impact analysis. Offers waveform viewing and analysis capabilities. Provides circuit optimization and schematic entry features. Contains extensive library of components and devices
Logic gates convert voltage inputs into 1s and 0s. Gates can be combined infinitely to create complex digital circuits. Transistors can be used as electronic switches in logic gates
Simple 12V charger uses transformer with 16.92V output voltage. Auto shut-off can be added using BJT stage with 14.3V output. Current control is crucial for safe battery charging