Born in 1881 in Salonika to customs official Ali Rıza Efendi and Zübeyde Hanım. Lost father early and lived with uncle in country. Entered Military Middle School in Salonika, then Military High School in Manastır. Graduated from Military Academy in 1905 as captain
Born in 1081 near Paris to peasant parents. Showed unusual intelligence and was educated at Saint-Denis abbey. Became close friend of Louis Capet, who later became King Louis VI
Born in 1732 in Virginia to wealthy planter Augustine Washington. Received home education and became a successful surveyor. Joined Virginia militia at age 16, leading to French and Indian War. Became commander of Virginia troops at age 23
Born in 181, Zhuge Liang was raised by his father's cousin Zhuge Xuan. Became Imperial Chancellor of Shu Han in 221 and later regent until 234. Known as Kongming, he was eight chi tall with a magnificent appearance. Maintained close relations with intellectuals like Sima Hui and Xu Shu
Born in 1585 as Armand du Plessis, became Bishop of Luçon in 1607. Served as Foreign Secretary under Marie de Médici from 1616. Became Cardinal in 1622 and chief minister to King Louis XIII in 1624
Born in Söğüt as Osman Gazi's son and first Ottoman Grand Vizier. Renounced the principality after meeting with Orhan Gazi. Refused to share empire with Orhan, accepting only Bursa village revenues