Battle of Dunkirk (1940) saw British troops evacuated across the Channel. Second Battle of El Alamein (1942) stopped German advance into Egypt. Battle of Britain (1940) marked first major air campaign between opposing forces. Battle of Sedan (1940) demonstrated German Blitzkreig tactics against Maginot Line
Strong air force and navy needed by 1939. Minimum 4,000 planes including fighters and naval bombers. Two invasion plans recommended: Portsmouth and Kent
Naval warfare involves military operations conducted on, under, or over the sea. Tactics combine science and art to execute battle activities. Willpower and courage must accompany tactical decisions for victory
City-states emerged after Greek Dark Ages, leading to organized warfare. Hoplite phalanx formed as core military force with shields and spears. Battles were short, bloody, and limited to summer campaigns. Hoplites were citizen-soldiers, except Spartans who were professional
Lusitania was a British liner carrying 1,960 passengers and crew. Germany declared unrestricted submarine warfare in February 1915. British Admiralty issued strict warnings about submarine activity
USSR faces Great Purge, Civil War, and Germany's European expansion. Stalin's Political Paranoia increases weekly, requiring careful management. Civil War can be won by forcing Romanovs back into power