Islamic art emerged after 7th century CE, encompassing all forms of Islamic culture. Divided into three periods: Early (640-900 CE), Medieval (900-1517 CE), and Later (1517-1924 CE). Islamic art was influenced by both Muslim and non-Muslim artists worldwide
Glass fusing joins pieces at 700-820°C in kilns. Egyptians were familiar with fusing techniques around 2000 BCE. Glassblowing replaced fusing 2,000 years ago. Modern fusing gained popularity in 1960s in U.S
Ordinary soda-lime glass appears colorless, but iron oxide impurities create green tint. Coloring can be achieved through adding coloring ions or nanometer-sized colloids
Murano is a series of islands in Venetian Lagoon, 1.5 km north of Venice. Initially settled by Romans, later by Altinum and Oderzo people. Prospered as fishing port and salt producer until 11th century. Founded Monastery of St. Michael in 2nd millennium, later suppressed
Stained glass is colored glass used for decorative windows. Great 12th-13th century windows predated significant glassmaking advances. Artistry depends on light and vision's adaptive behavior
Phoenicians were not a unified nation but independent city-states in eastern Mediterranean. Greeks coined the name "Phoenicia" from "phoinix". Most historical sources come from outsiders like Greeks