Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain cancer with poor survival. Occurs in 3 per 100,000 people yearly, with median age 64. Second most common brain tumor after meningioma. More common in males than females
Craniotomy involves removing bone flap from skull to access brain. Used for brain lesions, tumors, blood clots, and device implantation. MRI scan precedes surgery for precise planning. Bone flap replaced with titanium plates or PEEK if needed
Gold standard is the best diagnostic test under reasonable conditions. Term coined by Rudd in 1979 for monetary gold standard. AMA Style Guide prefers "criterion standard" over "gold standard"
Benign neuroepithelial intraventricular tumor occurring in both pediatric and adult populations. Accounts for 1% of all brain tumors, 2-6% of pediatric tumors. Most common in children under 5 years, with 85% occurring in this age group
Benign glioneuronal tumors arising from cortical or deep grey matter. Most commonly located in temporal lobe (65% of cases). Presents with intractable focal epilepsy in 90% of cases. Typically diagnosed in children or young adults before age 20
Rare brain tumors originating from protective oligodendrocyte cells. Can be benign or malignant, typically occurring in frontal or temporal lobes. Two types exist: slow-growing Grade II and fast-growing Grade III