Congress of Berlin (1878) reorganized Balkan states after Russo-Turkish War. Six great powers and Ottoman Empire participated, including Germany as mediator. Bismarck sought to balance interests of Britain, Russia and Austria-Hungary
Eastern Mediterranean refers to the eastern half or third of the Mediterranean Sea. Includes coastal zones influenced by sea and land climates. Extends west to Italy's south-eastern coasts
Hungary is a landlocked country in southeastern Central Europe. Total area is 93,030 km², measuring 250 km north-south and 524 km east-west. Borders eight countries: Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria
Eastern Europe's eastern boundary is marked by Ural Mountains. Region includes Belarus, Bulgaria, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania. Western boundaries vary widely, including Balkans, Baltic states, and Caucasus
Ottoman Empire reached peak power in 1683, losing Battle of Vienna. Eastern question emerged during Russo-Turkish Wars of 18th century. Napoleon's alliance with Russia in 1807 threatened Ottoman Empire
Balkan Peninsula lies on southeastern edge of European continent. Region includes Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean, and Black Seas. Contains major mountain ranges including Carpathians, Dinaric, Balkan, and Pindus. Two major rivers are Danube and Sava