Greece had no settled population before Trojan War. Migration was frequent, leading to constant warfare. No common action or unified Hellenic name existed before war. Athens was first to adopt luxurious dress and weapons
Ancient Greece was divided into city-states (poleis) centered on western Aegean Sea. Mycenean Greece lasted from 1600 to 1100 BC, described in Homer's works. Greece had colonies in Italy, Egypt, and numerous Greek islands
Athens combines ancient heritage with modern living. City has beaches within half an hour of centre. Walking tours are popular due to numerous cultural sites
War between Athens and Sparta occurred in two stages: 460-446 BCE and 431-404 BCE. Athens' growing naval power and Sparta's suspicion of Athenian Long Wall. Conflict escalated after Poteidaia incident in 432 BCE
Athens is Greece's capital and a major tourist destination. Birthplace of democracy and Western civilization. Home to iconic Acropolis with Parthenon and other ancient buildings. Features Syntagma Square with Greek Parliament
Acropolis is the most complete ancient Greek monumental complex still existing. Located on 156m hill in Athens basin, surrounded by 3,300-year-old fortifications. Acquired religious character in 8th century BC with Athena cult establishment. Under Perikles' leadership in 5th century BC, major architectural projects completed