Private is the lowest military rank, first recorded in mid-1700s. Corporal leads smallest Army units, first recorded around 1570-80. Sergeant oversees teams up to four soldiers, first recorded 1150-1200
Sergeant major originated in 16th century Spain as infantry general officer. In 17th century, appeared as field officers in individual regiments. Full title fell out of use until late 18th century. Modern rank evolved from sergeant major general to major and major general
Navy officers have pay grades from W-1 (warrant officer) to O-10 (flag officer). Warrant officers (W-2-W-5) are appointed via commission. Chief warrant officers (CWO2-CWO5) are appointed via commission
Officers include commissioned, non-commissioned, and warrant officers. Modern armed forces have officers between 17-25% of personnel. Spanish army had highest officer proportion in early 20th century. Armies have lower officer proportion but higher total officer numbers
Army ranks divided into general, field, and company grades. General officers include brigadier generals up. Field grade includes majors, lieutenant colonels, and colonels. Company grade includes second lieutenants, first lieutenants, and captains
Legate was a high-ranking Roman military officer equivalent to modern general. Initially used to delegate power, became formalized under Augustus. Legates received large rewards from successful campaigns. Position often attracted prominent political figures like consuls. Rank standardized in 190 BC to manage larger military numbers