First introduced in 1936 as aftermarket option. Automatically sprays fluid onto windshield using electrical pump. Some vehicles use same method for rear window and headlights
Headlight flashing is brief switching between high and low beams for driver communication. Became common in mid-1970s with steering column beam selectors. Motorcycle headlamp modulators automatically oscillate intensity
Hubcap is a decorative disk covering wheel hub and fasteners. First used on Newton Reaction Carriage in 1680. Early hubcaps were threaded onto center hubs until 1932. Wire wheel hubcaps featured spring-loaded retention system
ESC improves vehicle stability by detecting and reducing traction loss. Automatically applies brakes to wheels to counter oversteer or understeer. Reduces engine power until control is regained. Does not improve cornering performance but helps prevent control loss
App provides remote access to car location and safety features. Remote horn and light control available for safety. Door control possible with 4-digit PIN code. Remote climate control available for electric vehicles
VIN is a 17-digit unique identifier for every motor vehicle. Established by NHTSA in 1981, standardized globally by ISO. Contains essential information for registration, insurance, and history tracking