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Census: Definition, History and Modern Implementation

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Definition and Purpose: Census is systematic collection and calculation of population information
UN recommends population censuses every ten years
Census data used for research, business planning and development
Historical Development: First recorded in Egypt during Middle and New Kingdoms
Ancient Greeks and Romans conducted censuses for military and tax purposes
First modern census in France in 1328
Modern Implementation: Uses sampling frames like address registers for population counting
Modern censuses increasingly use technology for verification
Alternative methods include administrative data and rolling census programs
Data Quality and Privacy: Census data processed to obscure individual identities
Privacy concerns require careful data handling
Statistical disclosure control used to protect sensitive information
Impact of COVID-19: Pandemic threatens census implementation worldwide
Delays and cancellations threaten quality and funding
UNFPA requests continued planning despite pandemic disruptions