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Charring ablators, or charring ablative materials, are reinforced composite materials that undergo decomposition at elevated temperatures, causing organic resins to pyrolyze 14. The resulting gaseous products, typically hydrocarbons, are injected into the boundary layer, reducing aerodynamic heating by thickening the boundary layer 14.
Key characteristics of charring ablators:
- Pyrolysis process: Endothermic, absorbing a significant amount of energy 14.
- Formation of char: A layer of porous char forms on the surface, which has high porosity and permeability 12.
- Thermal conductivity: Char layers have low thermal conductivity but high emissivity, allowing them to maintain a high surface temperature and reradiate a significant portion of incident heat 12.
Common examples:
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