Fatih Sultan Mehmet, İstanbul'un 1453 yılında fethinden sonra Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun başkenti olarak seçilen bu yeni başkent için uygun bir yönetim merkezi olarak Topkapı Sarayı'nı yaptırmıştır.
Fatih Sultan Mehmet'ten önce 6 padişah vardı: 1. Osman Gazi (1300-1324). 2. Orhan Gazi (1324-1360). 3. I. Murat Hüdavendigâr (1360-1389). 4. Yıldırım Beyazıt (1389-1402). 5. I. Mehmet Çelebi (1413-1421). 6. II. Murat (1421-1451).
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