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Sumela Monastery History and Architecture
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- Location and Name
- Located in Altındere Valley, Maçka district of Trabzon, Turkey
- Name "Sumela" means "molasses" in local dialect
- Founded in 4th century as Panagia Sou Melas
- Architecture and Structure
- Sprawling edifice with Main Rock Church, chapel, kitchen, and library
- Narrow stone stairs lead to chapels and cell houses
- Contains cave, bell tower, and student quarters
- Features unique deer figure depiction on exterior chapel
- Historical Significance
- Housed three revered artifacts: Virgin Mary icon, Bible, and holy cross
- Became pilgrimage destination after Greek clergy's departure in 1923
- Legend claims fire destroyed monastery in 1937
- Relics transferred to Greece in 1931, then to Nea Soumela Monastery in 1951
- Komnenos Dynasty Period
- Founded by III. Ioannes (1280-1285)
- Expanded to 72 rooms by 1360 under III. Alexios' patronage
- III. Alexios used monastery for coronation ceremony in 1350
- Dynasty donated gazelle skin artifacts and commissioned frescoes