• Basic Concepts
    • OBD-II PIDs are diagnostic codes required in North American cars since 1996
    • PIDs are used with scan tools connected to vehicle's OBD-II connector
    • Scan tool sends PID to vehicle's bus, which recognizes and reports values
    Modes and Functions
    • Ten modes defined in SAE J1979 standard, prefixed with $
    • Modes 1-2 show current data, 3-4 display stored trouble codes
    • Manufacturers can define additional modes above #9
    • Mode 3 returns DTC information without PID request
    Technical Details
    • PIDs use CAN bus with functional addressing at ID 7DFh
    • Query uses 8 data bytes, response uses variable message IDs
    • Fuel type information returned as single byte
    • Some PIDs use bitwise encoding for specific data
    Non-Standard Features
    • Most OBD-II PIDs are non-standard
    • Modern vehicles support more functions than standard PIDs
    • ETI provides scan code information for members
    • OEMs charge varying fees for scan tool access

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