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Insects: Structure, Diversity and Evolution

Yapay zekadan makale özeti

General Characteristics: Insects are hexapod invertebrates with three-part bodies and chitinous exoskeletons
They represent over half of all animal species with over a million described species
Insects breathe through tracheal tubes without lungs, using hemolymph instead
Anatomy and Physiology: Nervous system consists of brain and ventral nerve cord
Digestive system includes foregut, midgut and hindgut with specialized glands
Respiration occurs through spiracles, limited by exoskeleton thickness
Life Cycle and Development: Most insects hatch from eggs, some are ovoviviparous or viviparous
Development involves molts through incomplete or complete metamorphosis
Some insects can communicate through pheromones, sounds or light
Ecological Impact: Insect pollinators essential for plant reproduction
Many insects are pests, some are beneficial predators
Silkworms and honey bees are economically important domesticated species
Evolutionary History: Oldest known flying insects from Carboniferous period
Four major radiations occurred: beetles, flies, moths and wasps
Some insect groups evolved with flowering plants