Canon introduced first AF motor in T80 SLR in 1985
EF lens mount in 1987 enabled motor integration into lens
EF 300mm f/2.8L USM introduced in 1987 for fast, silent focusing
USM Motor Types
Ring-type USM uses piezoelectric elements for ultrasonic vibration
Micro USM combines rotor, stator and drive gear in one unit
Micro USM II is half size version for compact zoom lenses
STM uses stepper motors for smooth, quiet focusing
Nano USM combines speed of ring-type with STM's quietness
Dual Nano USM enables independent lens group control
Latest Developments
VCM uses magnetic field for linear focusing
VCM first introduced in RF 35mm F1.4L VCM lens
VCM requires camera power to hold focusing elements
VCM combines speed and precision for cinematic focus
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