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Animal Hibernation and Survival Strategies
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- Types of Hibernation
- Hibernation is a deep sleep state for animals to survive cold winters
- Aestivation is similar but occurs in hot climates for extreme heat
- Torpor is a brief suspended animation lasting less than a day
- Denning is a light dormancy typical of bears, losing up to 40% body weight
- Animals That Hibernate
- Only three British mammals are true hibernators: dormice, hedgehogs, and bats
- Butterflies overwinter as adults, some as eggs or pupae
- Reptiles and amphibians hibernate in underground burrows
- Birds can enter torpor but only the common poorwill is true hibernator
- Hibernation Process
- Metabolism slows down and body temperature drops to normal levels
- Animals store fat reserves for winter survival
- Most hibernators remain torpid for about 30 days
- Regular waking periods occur every 5-27 days
- Climate Change Impact
- Every 1°C warming reduces hibernation duration by 8.6 days
- British dormice now hibernate for 5 weeks fewer than 20 years ago
- Early spring awakening may occur due to mild weather
- Some hibernators may enter hibernation late with depleted fat reserves