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Source Multiplayer Networking System

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Core Architecture: Source games use Client-Server networking with dedicated servers and client computers
Client-server communication occurs at 20-30 packets per second
Clients only communicate with servers, not between each other
Network Challenges: Limited bandwidth requires constant world state snapshots
Network packets travel at half ping time, causing latency
Client input packets are delayed during transmission
Packet loss can cause information loss
Technical Solutions: Server uses delta compression to reduce network load
Entity interpolation maintains position accuracy between snapshots
Client-side prediction removes latency between input and feedback
Server-side lag compensation corrects position tracking errors
Optimization: Default tickrate is 66 for most games
Client bandwidth should be set to 4500-10000 bytes/second
Higher tickrate improves precision but increases CPU load
View interpolation delay affects moving players' advantage
Monitoring: Net graph shows packet size and connection quality
Client can request full snapshots with cl_fullupdate
Server can limit client rate and snapshot update rate