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DSCP: Network Traffic Classification Mechanism

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Definition and Purpose: DSCP is a 6-bit field in IP packet headers indicating packet priority
Used for classifying and prioritizing network traffic
Part of Quality of Service (QoS) management
History and Structure: Introduced in RFC 2474 (1998) as DS field
Renamed to ToS field in RFC 3168 (2001)
Defines 64 different traffic classes
Class Categories: Default class for unclassified traffic
Assured Forwarding (AF) classes for bandwidth and latency assurance
Expedited Forwarding (EF) class for real-time traffic
AF Classes: AF classes divided into 16 sub-classes
AF11-AF43 sub-classes provide different priority levels
EF class (101110) provides highest priority for voice/video
Applications: Used in enterprise networks for traffic prioritization
Applied in data centers for application service management
Enables service provider networks to offer different priority levels