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Breadth First Search Algorithm
geeksforgeeks.org/dsa/breadth-first-search-or-bfs-for-a-graph/Yapay zekadan makale özeti
- Definition and Basic Operation
- BFS explores graph vertices level by level starting from a given node
- Algorithm visits all adjacent nodes before moving to their neighbors
- Uses queue data structure to track visited vertices
- Different from DFS by visiting closest vertices first
- Implementation Details
- Initializes with source vertex and marks it as visited
- Dequeues and visits vertices from queue
- For each unvisited neighbor, enqueues and marks it as visited
- Continues until queue is empty
- Complexity
- Time complexity is O(V + E)
- Space complexity is O(V)
- Worst case visits all vertices and edges once
- Applications
- Finds shortest paths in unweighted graphs
- Detects cycles in graphs
- Identifies connected components
- Performs topological sorting in DAGs
- Used in network routing and puzzle solving