Turkish judicial system operates with strict separation of powers
System consists of civilian and military judiciary categories
Court of Conflicts resolves conflicts between civil and administrative courts
Civil Courts
Includes General, Specialized and Civil Courts of Peace
General Courts handle commercial, maritime and labour cases
Specialized Courts cover family, cadastral, consumer and property rights
Criminal Courts
Heavy Criminal Courts deal with crimes over 10 years imprisonment
Criminal Courts of Peace abolished in 2014
Criminal Courts of First Instance handle non-heavy offenses
Procedural Process
Police must always bring criminal cases to Public Prosecutor Service
Public Prosecutor Service decides case drop or mediation
System lacks jury system, verdicts by single or panel of 3 judges
Court of Cassation
Acts as final court of appeals
Reviewes decisions of lower level courts
Recent case involved transsexual individual's gender reassignment surgery authorization
Yanıtı değerlendir
{"fpnz0":{"state":{"logoProps":{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr"},"formProps":{"action":"https://yandex.com.tr/search","searchLabel":"Bul"},"services":{"activeItemId":"summary","items":[{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/gundem/","title":"Gündem","id":"agenda"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/shopping/","title":"Alışveriş","id":"shopping"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/finance/","title":"Finans","id":"finance"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/yacevap/","title":"YaCevap","id":"answers"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/","title":"YaÖzet","id":"summary"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/travel/","title":"Seyahat","id":"travel"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/video/search?text=popüler+videolar","title":"Video","id":"video"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/gorsel/","title":"Görsel","id":"images"}]},"userProps":{"loggedIn":false,"ariaLabel":"Menü","plus":false,"birthdayHat":false,"child":false,"dialogProps":{"host":"yandex.com.tr","lang":"tr","project":"summary","queryParams":{"exp_flags":"skin","preset":"oceania","utm_source":"portal-summary"},"retpath":"https%3A%2F%2Fyandex.com.tr%2Fyaozet%2Flaw%2Fturkish-judicial-system-structure-id3-uj9yIonI%3Flr%3D213%26ncrnd%3D2689","tld":"com.tr","platform":"desktop"},"className":"PortalHeader-User"},"suggestProps":{"selectors":{"form":".HeaderForm","input":".HeaderForm-Input","submit":".HeaderForm-Submit","clear":".HeaderForm-Clear","layout":".HeaderForm-InputWrapper"},"suggestUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/suggest/suggest-ya.cgi?show_experiment=222&show_experiment=224","deleteUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/suggest-delete-text?srv=web&text_to_delete=","suggestPlaceholder":"Yapay zeka ile bul","platform":"desktop","hideKeyboardOnScroll":false,"additionalFormClasses":["mini-suggest_theme_tile","mini-suggest_overlay_tile","mini-suggest_expanding_yes","mini-suggest_prevent-empty_yes","mini-suggest_type-icon_yes","mini-suggest_personal_yes","mini-suggest_type-icon_yes","mini-suggest_rich_yes","mini-suggest_overlay_dark","mini-suggest_large_yes","mini-suggest_copy-fact_yes","mini-suggest_clipboard_yes","mini-suggest_turboapp_yes","mini-suggest_expanding_yes","mini-suggest_affix_yes","mini-suggest_carousel_yes","mini-suggest_traffic_yes","mini-suggest_re-request_yes","mini-suggest_source_yes","mini-suggest_favicon_yes","mini-suggest_more","mini-suggest_long-fact_yes","mini-suggest_hide-keyboard_yes","mini-suggest_clear-on-submit_yes","mini-suggest_focus-on-change_yes","mini-suggest_short-fact_yes","mini-suggest_app_yes","mini-suggest_grouping_yes","mini-suggest_entity-suggest_yes","mini-suggest_redesigned-navs_yes","mini-suggest_title-multiline_yes","mini-suggest_type-icon-wrapped_yes","mini-suggest_fulltext-highlight_yes","mini-suggest_fulltext-insert_yes","mini-suggest_lines_multi"],"counter":{"service":"summary_com_tr_desktop","url":"//yandex.ru/clck/jclck","timeout":300,"params":{"dtype":"stred","pid":"0","cid":"2873"}},"noSubmit":false,"formAction":"https://yandex.com.tr/search","tld":"com.tr","suggestParams":{"srv":"serp_com_tr_desktop","wiz":"TrWth","yu":"2465021391760635773","lr":213,"uil":"tr","fact":1,"v":4,"use_verified":1,"safeclick":1,"skip_clickdaemon_host":1,"rich_nav":1,"verified_nav":1,"rich_phone":1,"use_favicon":1,"nav_favicon":1,"mt_wizard":1,"history":1,"nav_text":1,"maybe_ads":1,"icon":1,"hl":1,"n":10,"portal":1,"platform":"desktop","mob":0,"extend_fw":1,"suggest_entity_desktop":"1","entity_enrichment":"1","entity_max_count":"5"},"disableWebSuggest":false},"context":{"query":"","reqid":"1760635880907430-4322152090066229905-balancer-l7leveler-kubr-yp-vla-29-BAL","lr":"213","aliceDeeplink":"{\"text\":\"\"}"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"fpnzw01-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"header_tr"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"header_tr"},"fpnz1":{"state":{"links":[{"id":"0","title":"Ana Sayfa","url":"/yaozet/","target":"_self"},{"id":"1","title":"Talimatlar","url":"/yaozet/how_to","target":"_self"},{"id":"2","title":"Eğitim","url":"/yaozet/education","target":"_self"},{"id":"3","title":"Tıp","url":"/yaozet/medicine","target":"_self"},{"id":"4","title":"Yasalar","url":"/yaozet/law","target":"_self"},{"id":"5","title":"Finans","url":"/yaozet/finance","target":"_self"},{"id":"6","title":"Oyunlar","url":"/yaozet/games","target":"_self"},{"id":"7","title":"Ürünler","url":"/yaozet/ecom","target":"_self"},{"id":"8","title":"Seyahat","url":"/yaozet/travel","target":"_self"},{"id":"9","title":"Servisler","url":"/yaozet/services","target":"_self"},{"id":"10","title":"Sinema","url":"/yaozet/cinema","target":"_self"},{"id":"11","title":"Programlama","url":"/yaozet/programming","target":"_self"},{"id":"12","title":"Otomobil","url":"/yaozet/auto","target":"_self"},{"id":"13","title":"Yemek","url":"/yaozet/food","target":"_self"},{"id":"14","title":"Bilim","url":"/yaozet/science","target":"_self"},{"id":"15","title":"Spor","url":"/yaozet/sports","target":"_self"},{"id":"16","title":"Edebiyat","url":"/yaozet/literature","target":"_self"},{"id":"17","title":"Emlak","url":"/yaozet/real_estate","target":"_self"},{"id":"18","title":"Diğer","url":"/yaozet/other","target":"_self"}],"activeLinkId":"4","title":"Kategoriler","baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"fpnzw02-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"header_categories"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"header_categories"},"fpnz2":{"state":{"article":{"title":"Turkish Judicial System Structure","text":"Turkish judicial system operates with strict separation of powers. System consists of civilian and military judiciary categories. Court of Conflicts resolves conflicts between civil and administrative courts","detailed":{"text":"Turkish judicial system operates with strict separation of powers. System consists of civilian and military judiciary categories. Court of Conflicts resolves conflicts between civil and administrative courts","chapters":[{"id":0,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Turkish judicial system operates with strict separation of powers"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"System consists of civilian and military judiciary categories"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Court of Conflicts resolves conflicts between civil and administrative courts"}],"title":"General Structure"},{"id":1,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Includes General, Specialized and Civil Courts of Peace"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"General Courts handle commercial, maritime and labour cases"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Specialized Courts cover family, cadastral, consumer and property rights"}],"title":"Civil Courts"},{"id":2,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Heavy Criminal Courts deal with crimes over 10 years imprisonment"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Criminal Courts of Peace abolished in 2014"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Criminal Courts of First Instance handle non-heavy offenses"}],"title":"Criminal Courts"},{"id":3,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Police must always bring criminal cases to Public Prosecutor Service"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Public Prosecutor Service decides case drop or mediation"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"System lacks jury system, verdicts by single or panel of 3 judges"}],"title":"Procedural Process"},{"id":4,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Acts as final court of appeals"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Reviewes decisions of lower level courts"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Recent case involved transsexual individual's gender reassignment surgery authorization"}],"title":"Court of Cassation"}],"keypoints":null},"type":"text","categoryId":"law","url":"https://lawandcourtsblog.wordpress.com/2016/02/19/a-breakdown-of-turkeys-legal-system-the-civilian-ordinary-judiciary-and-the-court-of-cassation/","urlProcessed":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/law/turkish-judicial-system-structure-id3-uj9yIonI/law/turkish-judicial-system-structure-id3-uj9yIonI","pageUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/law/turkish-judicial-system-structure-id3-uj9yIonI?lr=213","sharingPath":"law/turkish-judicial-system-structure-id3-uj9yIonI"},"pageUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/law/turkish-judicial-system-structure-id3-uj9yIonI?lr=213","header":{"title":"Turkish Judicial System Structure","subtitle":"Yapay zekadan makale özeti","homeUrl":"/yaozet/","sourceUrl":"https://lawandcourtsblog.wordpress.com/2016/02/19/a-breakdown-of-turkeys-legal-system-the-civilian-ordinary-judiciary-and-the-court-of-cassation/","hasShare":true,"canUseNativeShare":false,"extralinksItems":[{"variant":"reportFeedback","reportFeedback":{"feature":"YaOzet","title":"Bu yanıtta yanlış olan nedir?","checkBoxLabels":[{"value":"Uygunsuz veya aşağılayıcı yanıt"},{"value":"Bilgi az"},{"value":"Bilgi güncel değil"},{"value":"Görüntüleme hataları"},{"value":"Diğer"}]}}],"categoryUrl":"/yaozet/law","categoryTitle":"Yasalar"},"feedbackProps":{"feature":"Summary","baseProps":{"metaFields":{"yandexuid":"2465021391760635773","reqid":"1760635880907430-4322152090066229905-balancer-l7leveler-kubr-yp-vla-29-BAL"}},"positiveCheckboxLabels":[{"value":"Yanıtı çok beğendim"},{"value":"Yanıtta gerekli bilgiler var"},{"value":"Kolay anlaşılır"},{"value":"Diğer"}],"negativeCheckboxLabels":[{"value":"Uygunsuz veya aşağılayıcı yanıt"},{"value":"Bilgi az"},{"value":"Bilgi güncel değil"},{"value":"Görüntüleme hataları"},{"value":"Diğer"}]},"isHermione":false,"dialogStoreProps":{"baseUrl":""},"globalStoreProps":{"imageBackendUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/images-apphost/image-download?cbird=171","query":"","retina":false,"avatarId":"0","isMacOS":false,"isEmbeddedFuturis":false,"brand":"yazeka","device":{"isIOS":false,"platform":"desktop"},"neuroMordaUrl":"","advChatParams":{"advLabelProps":{"compactAdvLabel":false},"needPrerenderCounter":false},"disableUrlParamsModification":false,"feedbackBaseProps":{"featureName":"summary","metaFields":{"yandexuid":"2465021391760635773","reqid":"1760635880907430-4322152090066229905-balancer-l7leveler-kubr-yp-vla-29-BAL"}},"adapterName":"summary"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"fpnzw03-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary_item_response"}}}}},"type":"summary_item_response"},"fpnz3":{"state":{"isIndex":false,"form":{"name":"yaozet","action":"/yaozet/create","validatePath":"/yaozet/create/json"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"fpnzw04-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"right-column"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"right-column"},"fpnz4":{"state":{"generalLinks":[{"id":"privacy-policy","text":"Gizlilik politikası","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/privacy_policy/tr/"},{"id":"terms-of-service","text":"Kullanıcı sözleşmesi","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/yaozet_termsofuse"},{"id":"report-error","text":"Hata bildir","url":"https://forms.yandex.com.tr/surveys/13748122.01a6645a1ef15703c9b82a7b6c521932ddc0e3f7/"},{"id":"about-company","text":"Şirket hakkında","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/project/portal/contacts/"}],"copyright":{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr","currentYear":2025},"socialLinks":[{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@yandex.turkiye","type":"tiktok","title":"TikTok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/@YandexTurkiye","type":"youtube","title":"Youtube"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/YandexComTr","type":"facebook","title":"Facebook"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/yandex__turkiye/","type":"instagram","title":"Instagram"},{"url":"https://x.com/yndxturkiye","type":"x","title":"X"}],"categoriesLink":[],"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"fpnzw05-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}