IPO occurs when a privately owned company lists its shares on a stock exchange
Companies hire underwriters to help prepare and set initial offering prices
IPO process requires extensive paperwork and SEC compliance
Reasons for IPO
Companies can raise capital through public share sales
IPO provides publicity and better lender terms
Early investors can cash out their stakes
Key IPO Terms
Common stock represents ownership in public companies
Issue price determines initial share sale price
SPACs raise money solely for acquiring other companies
Investment Considerations
IPO investing carries higher risks than established public companies
More than 60% of IPOs between 1975-2011 saw negative returns
IPO ETFs offer diversified exposure with lower risk
Most advisors recommend allocating up to 10% to IPO investments
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